Here are the theory test questions for A21 Wheeled Loading Shovel.
During the theory test you'll be asked a maximum of 40 questions.
Please note that your paper will include all the questions we have marked here with an asterisk *. In addition you will have a random selection of the other questions that are not marked here with an asterisk.
These questions will appear on every A21 paper
What is regarded as the most productive position for the dump truck to be in when being loaded by a wheeled loading shovel working from a stockpile? (1 marks)*
If setting up to work in a pedestrianised area, state THREE factors that need to be taken into account. (3 marks)*
What allows the wheels to follow the contours of the ground when travelling on uneven ground? (2 marks)*
Why should different materials be segregated during extracting? (1 marks)*
Explain ALL visual checks that must be carried out on all types of quick-hitch bucket attaching systems before use. (4 marks)*
Many loading shovels have 'limited-slip' axles. How can this help production? (1 marks)*
The operator is asked to tip material into a trench. State FIVE different requirements that must be considered or implemented before tipping commences. (5 marks)*
The operator has been asked to drive the machine onto a transporter/trailer.
a) Who is responsible for the loading operations and
b) state FOUR actions to be considered by the operator before loading commences? (5 marks)*
How are loading shovel bucket sizes calculated? (1 marks)*
Smaller loading shovels may be equipped with a clamshell bucket. Name TWO functions of this type of bucket. (2 marks)*
When constructing a ramp to load a crusher, name THREE considerations to take into account. (3 marks)*
a) Give ONE advantage and
b) TWO disadvantages of rear-mounted cameras. (3 marks)*
Give TWO reasons why the loading shovel operator should have an understanding of the type of material being loaded. (2 marks)*
State TWO requirements of using a stop block or earth bank (berm) at a trench discharging point. (4 marks)*
Manufacturer’s Operators Manuals normally determine the direction of travel on steep slopes. If this information is not supplied, what is the general rule that applies to travelling on steep slopes? (2 marks)*
A random selection of these questions will appear on each A21 paper
If a load has to be tipped on a slope, what may happen if the load is tipped downhill and why? (2 marks)
In what situation does a hard hat NOT need to be worn when operating a loading shovel? (2 marks)
When parking the machine at the end of the shift, name THREE places where the machine should NOT be parked. (3 marks)
On a semi-automatic quick-hitch bucket attaching system:
a) what is the purpose of the safety pin and
b) what checks MUST be made to the pin before use? (3 marks)
If checking the oil level using a dipstick, why must gloves be worn? (1 marks)
Describe ONE physical method of checking that the attachment is fully secured to the coupler prior to work. (4 marks)
If the operator has to top-up the hydraulic oil, state TWO precautions to ensure cleanliness of the system. (2 marks)
During work, the engine starts to overheat.
Explain the danger if someone tries to remove the radiator or expansion tank cap. (2 marks)
Give TWO examples of where The Work at Height Regulations may apply to loading shovel operations. (2 marks)
Before manually changing any bucket:
a) Where should the bucket be positioned (in relation to the ground) before removing the final pin and
b) explain why? (2 marks)
Who should determine the maximum load that should be placed into the body of the dump truck? (1 marks)
If the operator has loaded the machine onto a transporter/trailer on behalf of a driver, what checks must be carried out before they leave the cab? (2 marks)
When working in a confined area or space:
a) what danger can be present with regards to the counterweight of the machine,
b) what is the recommended minimum distance and
c) what measures must be implemented if the gap is less? (3 marks)
a) Name THREE purposes of the treads on tyres and b) what can happen to a loading shovel if the treads are severely worn? (4 marks)
Whenever possible, who should decide the positioning of the dump truck when being loaded? (1 marks)
Why must the seat belt be worn, even with the cab door closed? (2 marks)
Many loading shovels have a turbo-charged engine.
a) What is the normal procedure before switching off the engine after working and
b) what happens if the procedure is not followed? (2 marks)
What is the purpose of a roll or ROPS frame? (2 marks)
What problems and hazards can soft ground cause to a loaded loading shovel? (2 marks)
a) What is the minimum distance allowed near open trenches when travelling with a loaded loading shovel and
b) explain why? (2 marks)
When working in a confined area or space, name THREE hazards that can occur. (3 marks)
Why should a loading shovel be re-fuelled at the end of the day? (1 marks)
Give THREE possible reasons why loading shovels should not stray off the designated travel routes. (3 marks)
a) What determines the minimum distances that any part of plant and machinery has to be kept from over head electricity lines and
b) explain why a distance should be kept. (4 marks)
The operator has to fit and use a new bucket using a quick-hitch coupler that they are unfamiliar with. What do Regulations (i.e. PUWER 98) and other guidance require the operator to have? (3 marks)
When travelling on wet clay or rock, what effect does this have on the loading shovel? (2 marks)
Name THREE conditions that mirrors on the machine must be in. (3 marks)
Give FOUR reasons that may cause the loading shovel to tip over sideways. (4 marks)
What is the purpose of the counterweight of the machine? (1 marks)
End of questions for A21 Wheeled Loading Shovel
